1.Could I invite my friends to a party?
我能邀请我的朋友们参加聚会吗?
invite为及物动词,意为“邀请;约请”。invite sb. to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。
e.g.We invited all our friends.
我们邀请了所有的朋友。
They invite me to (have) dinner tomorrow evening.
他们请我明晚去吃饭。
They invite me to play the game.
他们邀请我来玩这个游戏。
拓展:invite的名词形式为invitation,意为“邀请;请帖”。
e.g.Thank you for your kind invitation.
谢谢你的盛情邀请。
2.Housework is waste of their time.
家务活浪费他们的时间。
此处waste用作名词,意为“浪费”,用于固定结构a waste of time,意为“浪费时间”。
e.g.She thinks it’s a waste of time.
她认为那是浪费时间。
Playing computer games is a waste of time.
玩电脑游戏浪费时间。
拓展:
(1)waste作不可数名词,意为“浪费;废物;垃圾”。
e.g.I hate waste.
我讨厌浪费。
(2)waste作形容词,意为“无用的;浪费的;荒废的”。
e.g.we shouldn’t throw waste paper about.
我们不应该乱扔废纸。
A factory is pouring waste water into the river.
一家工厂正在向河里倾倒废水。
(3)waste作及物动词,意为“浪费”。
e.g.People shouldn’t waste food.
人们不应该浪费粮食。
Don’t waste water.
不要浪费水。
3.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.
为了取得好成绩,进入一所好的大学,他们应当把时间花在学业上。
(1)此处spend(spent,spent)作及物动词,意为“花费(时间、金钱)”。
e.g.She spent all her money.
她花光了所有的钱。
He spent much money on books.
他花了许多钱买书。
They spent one million dollars building the bridge.
他们花了一百万建这座桥。
辨析:spend,pay,cost与take
① spend指花费时间、金钱或精力;主语为人。结构为:sb. spends time/money on sth.(或doing sth.)
e.g.She spent 50 dollars on the skirt.
她花了50元买了那件裙子。
He spent two years (in) writing the book.
他花了两年时问写了那本书。
② pay指支付、花费金钱;主语为人。常用结构为:sb. pays (sb. ) money (for sth.)
e.g.She paid 50, 000 dollars for the car.
她花了50 000元买了那辆车。
③ cost指花费金钱、精力等;主语为物。常用结构为:sth. coats (sb.) money
e.g.The house cost them a lot of money.
那房子花了他们许多钱。
④ take指花费时间。常用结构为:it takes sb. st. to do sth.,it为形式主语。
e.g.It took him three weeks to finish the work.
完成这项工作花了他三个月时间。
助记:cost和pay花金钱,take只把时间费;既花时间又金钱,花费能手spend。
(2)in order to意为“目的是;为了”,后面接动词原形,位置可放在句首,也可放在句中。否定结构为:in order not to do。
e.g.In order to look after his parents, he returned to work in his hometown.
为了照顾父母,他回到家乡工作。
She started at five o’clock in order not to be late.
为了不迟到,她五点就出发了。
辨析:in order to与in order that
① in order to后面接原形动词(即不带to的动词不定式),表示目的。
e.g.He went to the hall early in order to get a good seat.
他很早就到了大厅,为的是得到一个好座位。
② In order that后面接从句,表示目的,从句中常含有情态动词。
e.g.She set out early in order that she could arrive on time.
她很早出发了以便她能准时到达。
4.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
给孩子们在家里提供一个干净而又舒适的环境是父母亲的责任。
此处provide为及物动词,意为“提供;供给”。主要结构有:provide sth. for sb.或provide sb. with sth,,意为“为某人提供某物”或“供给某人某物”。
e.g.He has to provide food and clothes for his family.
他得养家糊口。
The country provides students with textbooks.
国家提供给学生课本。
We’11 provide food and drink for them.
我们将向他们提供吃的和喝的。
The company provided me with a car.
公司提供给我一辆车。
5.Children these days depend on their parents too much.
如今孩子们依赖父母亲太多。
此处depend on意为“依靠;依赖”。
e.g.Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.
孩子靠父母供给衣食。
We can depend on this dictionary.
我们可以依赖这本词典。
拓展:
习语:It all depends.或That depends. 意为“视情况而定”。
e.g.—Can you come to work tomorrow?
明天你能来上班吗?
—That depends.
视情况而定。
It all depends how you solve the problem.
那一切要看你怎么解决这问题。
6.Since they live in one house with their
parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping
it dean and tidy.
自他们与父母亲一起住在一所房子里以来,他们 就应该知道每个人应当做他们的一部分来保持房子干净和整洁。
(1)此处since为连词,意为“自……以后;自……以来”,引导时间状语从句。
e.g.It is two years since we visited your mother.
自从我们看望你母亲以来到现在有两年了。
Since you live with them, you should know they are very friendly.
自从你和他们住在一起以后,你就应该知道他们是非常友好的。
He has worked in the company since he came to China.
自从他来中国以来,他就在这家公司工作。
拓展:since作连词,意为“由于;因为;既然”,引导原因状语从句。
e.g.Since we don’t have money, we can’t buy a house.
由于我们没有钱,我们买不起房子。
(2)keep(kept,kept)常作及物动词,此处意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。
e.g.You should keep the window open.
你应当保持窗户是开着的。
Good food can keep you healthy.
好的食物能使你保持健康。
7.As a result,he often fell ill and his grades dropped.
结果,他经常生病,成绩百降。
(1)as a result为习惯用语,意为“结果;因此”。
e.g.As a result, we had to change our plan.
结果,我们不得不改变了计划。
He didn’t work hard; as a result, he failed his exam.
他不用功,结果他考试不及格。
拓展:as a result of意为“由于……;作为……的结果”。
e.g.He was late as a result of snow.
由于大雪,他迟到了。
What’s the result of this match?
这场比赛的结果怎样?
(2)此处fall(fell,fallen)为连系动词,意为“进入某种状态;变成”。
e.g.He was so tired that he fell asleep quickly.
他是那么累以至于很快就睡着了。
Finally she fell silent.
最后她静了下来。
辨析:fall ill与be ill
① fall ill表示“生病”,指一时的动作,后面不能接持续性时间状语。
e.g.He fell ill last week.
他上个星期生病了。
② be ill表示“生病”,指生病的状态,后面可以接一段时间状语。
e.g.He has been ill for a week.
他生病一个星期了。
(3)此处drop为不及物动词,意为“下降;降落”。
e.g.The cup dropped and broke.
杯子掉下来摔碎了。
The temperature will drop later.
稍后温度会下降。
Fruits will drop.
果实快落了。
Price for meat dropped.
肉跌价了。
辨析:drop与fall
① drop表示“下降;降落”,常作不及物动词,也可作及物动词;指物体由于重力从高处往下落。
e.g.He dropped the cup.
他把杯子弄掉了。
② fall表示“下降;落下”,只作不及物动词;指物体由于不明原因或物体本身失去平衡而向下降落,有自然下落的意思。
e.g.Leaves fall in autumn.
秋天树叶下落。
8.The earlier kids learn to be independent,the better it is for their future.
孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的未来就越好。
(1)the earlier..., the better…意为“越早……,……越好”,其结构为:the+比较级,the+ 比较级,意为“越……,就越……”。
e.g.The faster, the better.
越快越好。
The more friends you have, the happier you’11 be.
你拥有朋友越多,你就会越快乐。
The harder you study, the better grades you’11 get.
你学习越用功,你取得的成绩就越好。
(2)independent为形容词,意为“独立的;自主的”。
e.g.China is an independent country.
中国是个独立自主的国家。
He never borrows anything. He is too independent.
他从不借东西,他很独立。
助记:independent (形容词,独立的)去t加ce → independence(名词,独立)
9.阅读技巧:
“逻辑推理法”解完形填空题
逻辑推理法常用于解答难度较大的题目,通常需要理清文章内容之间的逻辑关系。这种方法需要在掌握了文章的内容和语境
后,进行逻辑思考和逻辑推理。现在中考对完形填空题的考查,不再仅仅局限于对语法的考查,而是更注重对语篇的理解与整体把握。命题人在出题时,也都故意留
给我们一些暗藏的线索提示我们去综合分析,通过联系上下文进行逻辑推理,然后从四个十分相似的选项中找到最适合文章的一项。
下面让我们从范文中去体会逻辑推理的妙趣,体验“福尔摩斯”的推理之美吧!
When you wave to a friend you are using sign(手势) language. When you smile at someone, you mean to be 1 . When you put one finger in front of your 2 , you mean “Be quiet”.
Yet, people in different countries may use different
sign languages. Once an Englishman was in Italy. He could speak a little
Italian. One day, while he was walking in the street, he felt 3 and went into a restaurant...
1.A.well B.friendly C.fine
2.A.eyes B.legs C.mouth
3.A.hungry B.tired C.cold
答案:1.B 2.C 3.A
解析:
第1小题,单从语法结构上看,四个选项放入空格中都能构成语法正确的句子。但是,
根据文章大意和生活常识“当你向别人微笑时,表达的是友好/善的意思”。我们可以判断出只有B项friendly是合乎题意的。第2小题,同样需要推理判
断方能作答。由原文的“Be
quiet”可知这里表示“安静”之意,应是把一根手指放在嘴上。故选C项mouth。第3小题,同第1、2小题一样,单从选项上看很难作出区分和选择,
而从文章整体和文中暗含的信息词“went into a restaurant(进了一家饭店)”可以推断出,他应该是饿了。故选A项hungry。