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Unit 15 Destinations

 

一周强化

一、本单元重难点单词与短语

1.upset

(1)vt. 使……苦恼或心烦(cause to worry; not to be calm, 常用于被动语态,指人的情绪及感受)

(2)adj. 苦恼的;心烦的(worried; anxious; feeling unhappy about sth.)

Don’t upset yourself. 不要难过了。(vt. upset sb. 使某人心烦)

He was upset at not being invited.

人家没邀请他,他感到很不痛快。(adj. be upset at…)

I was upset to see how sad she was.

看到她伤心成这个样子,我很难过。(adj. be upset to do sth.)

He is upset about the poor living conditions.

他对糟糕的住宿条件感到厌烦。(adj. be upset about sth. /doing)

upset还可作“打翻,弄倒,弄乱;吃坏了肚子(v.)”和“吃坏了肚子的(adj.)”讲。例如:

He upset a cup on the table.

他把桌上的杯子给弄翻了。(vt. 弄翻)

Her plans were upset by the change in the weather.

天气变化了,她的计划给打乱了。(vt. 弄乱)

The foreign food upset him /his stomach.

他吃外国菜吃坏了肚子。(vt. 吃坏了肚子)

The milk upset when you kick the dish.

你一踢桌子,牛奶就洒了出来。

an upset stomach 肚子不舒服/消化不良的胃(adj.

2.look into 调查,观察(to examine the meaning or causes of)

They will look into this problem tomorrow.

他们明天将会调查这个问题。

A committee was formed to look into that case.

成立了一个委员会来调查那件案子。

除“调查,观察”外,look into还可作“向……里面看”。

The children looked into the house, but they saw nothing.

孩子们向屋子里面看,但是他们什么也没看到。(向……里面看)

3.guarantee vt.& n. 保证,确保

句型:guarantee sb. sth. 向某人保证某事

   guarantee (sb’s) sth. 确保某事

   guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事

   be guaranteed to do sth. 确保某人某物去做

   guarantee+从句 确保/保证……

(1)They can guaranteed your satisfaction during your stay here.

   他们保证你在这儿逗留期间一切满意。(guarantee+sbs sth.)

(2)They have guaranteed delivery within a month.

   他们保证一个月内送货。(guarantee +sth.)

(3)Buying a train ticket doesn’t guarantee you a seat.

   买车票不保证你有座位。(guarantee sb. sth.)

(4)Can you guarantee me a job when I get there?

   我去那儿你能保证我有工作吗?(guarantee sb sth.)

(5)The machine is guaranteed to run well.

   保证这台机器运行良好。(be guaranteed to do sth.)

(6)I guarantee that you’ll enjoy yourself.

   我保证你会玩得愉快。(guarantee+that-从句)

(7)Who can guarantee that he will keep his words?

   谁能保证他不食言?(guarantee+that-从句)

guarantee还可以用作名词,意为“保证;保修期;保修单(可数)”。例如:

(1)I give my guarantee that he will come tomorrow.

我保证他明天会来。(guarantee接that引导的同位语从句,用来说明guarantee的内容。)

(2)A clear sky in the morning is not a guarantee of fine weather for a whole day.

早上的晴朗天气并不保证一天都是好天气。([C])

(3)He gave them the papers which proved his ownership of the land as a guarantee that he would repay the money.

他把自己的土地所有权证明书给了他们,作为他还钱的抵押。

4.complaint n. 诉苦,抱怨,牢骚,委屈

The pupils made a list of their complaints about school meals.

学生们列举了对学校伙食的种种不满。(complaint about… 抱怨……)

If your neighbors are too noisy then you have cause for complaint(=a good reason to complain).

如果你的邻居太喧哗,你就有理由投诉。 (申诉;投诉)

Our neighbors made a complaint against us with the police.

(lodge/ make a complaint against/with … 提出……不满意见,对……提出控告)

complaint department 顾客意见接纳处

He who makes constant complaint gets little compassion.

经常诉苦,少人同情[谚]。

5.feast n. 盛宴;享受,令人愉快的事物

(1)feast作“盛宴,宴会”或“与宗教有关的盛大节日”解(在现代英语中,正式或官方的宴会多叫banquet)。例如:

The dinner you gave me was a real feast.

你款待我们的宴会太丰盛了。

Christmas is an important feast for Christmas.

圣诞节是基督徒的一个重大节日。

(2)用于引申义,表示“(精神或感官上的)享受,令人愉快的事物”。例如:

Snow-caped mountains and Alpine flowers are a feast for anyone’s eyes.

冰雪覆盖的山脉和阿尔卑斯山上的花丛使人大饱眼福。

(3)用作及物动词,表示“宴请,大吃一顿”。例如:

The King feasted his friends.

国王宴请他的朋友。

They feasted us on duck and green peas.

他们请我们吃鸭肉和青豆。

6.dip n.(在江河湖海中)洗澡;蘸湿;倾斜

(1)I’m going for a dip in the sea.

我去洗个海水浴。

(2)Past the border, the river takes a dip to the south.

流经边界后,河流转向南下。

(3)The dip increased as we went on.

我们越往前走,倾斜度越大。

(4)The boy sat by the river bank watching the dip of the sun.

那男孩坐在河边看日落。

dip还可以用作不及物动词,意为“浸,蘸;下沉;浏览(与into连用)”。例如:

(1)He dipped a few times in the ocean to cool himself off.

 为了凉快凉快,他在海水里泡了几次。

(2)Gas prices are dipping.

 油价正在下跌。

(3)The street dips under the bridge.

 那条街向桥下伸展。

(4)The sun was dipping swiftly into the sea.

 太阳正迅速沉下海面。

(5)I haven’t really read that book. I have only dipped into it.

 那本书我没有认真读,只是随便翻了一下。

(6)He dipped into his pocket and bought drinks for his friends.

 他把手伸进衣袋取钱买饮料给朋友喝。

7.rate  n. 价格;速度;频率

(1)作“速度”解,at a (the) rate of 指“以……速度”。例如:

The car was going at a rate of 40 miles an hour.

汽车正以每小时40英里的速度前进。(at a rate of相当于at a speed of+数字)

The train was going at a rapid rate.

火车在快速前进。(at a rapid rate 相当于with great speed)

(2)指“率,效率”。例如:

The birth rate is the number of births compared to the number of the population.

出生率是出生人数与人口数之比。(the birth rate 出生率)

Coal miners get stomach cancer at a rate 40 percent higher than the general public.

煤矿工人得胃癌的人的比例比普通人群高出百分之四十。

(3)指“价钱;工资”。例如:

They’re demanding higher rates of pay.

他们要求增加工资。

He was paid at the rate of fifty pence an hour.

付给他的工资是每小时50便士。

The railroad rate is 3 dollars a mile.

铁路价格是一英里三美元。

(4)指“等,级,流”。例如:

He was a first-rate performer.

他是第一流的演员。

She gave her children a first-rate education.

她让她的儿子享受一流的教育。

That’s a second-rate team so we’ll beat him easily.

那是一个二流球队,我们赢它会很容易。

(5)短语:at this /that rate 如果照这样/那样的话,例如:

At this rate, we won’t be able to afford a vacation.

照这样下去,我们将无法去度假。

Nothing but delays all day! At this rate we shall not get to our destination before night.

成天耽搁毫无进展,这样下去,我们午夜前到不了目的地。

If you go on at that rate, you’ll injure your health.

你如果这样继续下去,将会损你的健康。

(6)短语:at any rate 不管怎样,例如:

I think we should leave her alone for the moment at any rate.

不管怎样我们得暂时别去理她。

rate还可作vt. & vi. 指“认为,估计”。例如:

How do you rate your team’s chance of winning?

你估计你们队有无赢的机会?(估计)

I rate him as a poet.

我认为他是一名诗人。(rate…as… 相当于think….as…)

He is rated as one of the richest men of the city.

他被认为是这个城市中最富的人之一。

He rates as a fine workman.

他被认为是个好工人。(主动形式,被动含义)

二、本单元重难点句子解析

1.Every now and then, we get the itch to travel.

我们时不时会有去旅游的强烈渴望。

(1)every now and then——now and again 不时地,有时,时而

I don’t think about my old home very much, only (every) now and then.

我不是非常想念我的老家,只是偶尔想想。

(2)get the itch to do sth. “渴望于……”此句也可以这样说:

We are itching to travel. (句中itch为动词。)

2.This phenomenon, sometimes called wanderlust, may explain why people spend so much money on trips to interesting places.

  这种有时被称为漫游癖的现象,它可以解释人们把如此多的时间和金钱花费在旅游胜地的原因。

  (1)过去分词短语sometimes called wanderlust 修饰this phenomenon.

  (2)句子的主语是this phenomenon,谓语动词为may explain, 宾语是宾语从句,由why引导。

  (3)宾语从句中有固定结构spend money on sth. “花钱干……”;trips to… 去……旅行

3.A trip to Rio will also give you a glimpse of the happy lifestyle of the cariocas-the people of Rio-who are known for their big hearts and friendliness.

到里约旅游你还会瞥见里约热内卢人的愉快的生活方式—里约人以宽广、友善而著称。

(1)句子的主语为a trip, 谓语为will also give you…,

(2)the cariocas的同位语是the people of Rio.

   后接定语从句who are known…

(3)be known for 因……而著名;因……而众所周知 The country is known for its long history.

cf. be known to 为……所知

  be known as 作为……而知名

The use of gunpowder was known to the Chinese before the Europeans.

中国人懂得应用火药在欧洲人之前。

He is known as a fair judge.

他作为一名公正的法官而知名。

4.visitors who get tired of the sand and the sun can cool off in one of the many cafés, shops and restaurants on Copacabana’s main avenue.

  厌倦沙滩和阳光的旅游者可以在科帕长巴纳的主要街道上众多的咖啡店,商店和餐馆里乘凉。

(1)who引导定语从句,修饰visitors。

(2)get/be tired of sth. 对……感到厌倦

I’m tired of watching television; let’s go for a walk.

我看腻了电视,让我们散散步吧。

注意:要表示“由于(做)某事而疲倦”,be /get tired后应跟介词from或with。例如:

I’m tired with climbing that steep hill.

我爬那徒峭的山爬累了。

He is tired with walking.

他走累了。

Are you tired from rowing?

你划(船)累了吗?

(3)in the sand/on the sand 在沙滩上

5.The best time to visit is in June or July, when the South American winter cools the city, but the biggest tourism season comes around March, when the cariocas celebrate the sun with a four-day festival.

  六七月是参观里约的最佳时间,这时南美冬季使该市变得凉爽,但旅游旺季是在三月份,这时里约人用一个为期四天的节日来庆祝太阳。

  (1)两个并列句由but连接

  (2)两个并列句中都有一个由when引导的非限定性定语从句,先行词分别为June or July 和March.

  (3)the best time to visit中不定式to visit修饰the best time。若名词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰,后面的定语用不定式或定语从句。如:

the first students to come 第一批来的学生

He is the last person to see. 他是我最不想见的人。

6.Travel agents can help you to find out about package trips that include hotel costs, tours and entrance tickets and to choose between different alternatives.

  旅行社能帮你找到代办旅游的事情,包括旅馆费用、旅行票、门票以及在两者之间的选择。

(1)句子的谓语为help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人干……

(2)句子的宾语trips后接由that引导的定语从句。

(3)find out 找出—do discover

about 意为“有关……的情况”,类似的词组有:

learn about 熟悉……

read about 阅读有关……

7.Seasoned travelers have learnt what they must bring and what they can leave at home.

  有经验的旅游者知道他们必须带上什么东西,应该把什么东西留在家里。

  (1)句中有两个并列宾语从句what they must bring 和what they can leave at home.

  (2)season——to give long experience to 经验丰富的,老练的

a seasoned traveler 一位阅历广博的旅行者

a seasoned soldier 身经百战的士兵

8.Travel light if possible and take a smaller bag or backpack that you can use for short trips and hikes.

  轻装旅游,如果有可能的话,携带你作为当日或徒步旅游所用的较小的包或背包。

  (1)此句为两个并列句由and连接

  (2)第一句中if possible为状语从句的省略,若补全为 Travel light if it is possible

  (3)第二句中that引导定语从句修饰bag or back pack

9.Located in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.

位于奥地利南部的基茨比厄尔是滑雪者的天堂。

句中located in southern Austria是一个过去分词短语,在句中作伴随状语。例如:

Seated under the tree, the old man was telling a story to the children.

坐在大树下,老人在给孩子们讲故事。

Dressed in a white skirt, the girl looked more beautiful.

穿着一件白裙子,那女孩看起来更加漂亮了。

locate 经常用于被动语态,意为“坐落于”。例如:

The hospital is located near our school.

医院坐落在我们学校附近。

A new factory is to be located on this site.

新厂拟建于此。

locate的名词是location, 意为“位置;地方;外景”。例如:

A post office should be built in a central location.

邮局应建在中心地区。

They are on location.

他们在拍外景。

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